End-of-life care 善終服務 臨終關懷
Palliative care 緩和療護
Voluntary euthanasia Voluntary refusal of food and fluids (VRFF), voluntarily stopping eating and drinking (VSED), Patient Refusal of Nutrition and Hydration (PRNH)
Terminal illness 絕症
Terminal dehydration voluntary death by dehydration (VDD)
自主停止飲食／斷食善終是什麼？合法嗎？和安樂死有何不同？國際概況為何？病主諮商醫師常佑康專文解析
ECH, Palliative Care
PAMF, Palliative Care
Stanford Cancer Center Palliative Medicine Clinic
UCSF cancer symptom management
Palliative systemic therapy for women with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: current options 2013
腹部腫脹, 食慾不振, 無法排便: 談婦癌病患的腸阻塞問題 bowel obstructionOvarian cancer Palliative care
** Pharmacologic Pearls for End-of-Life Care Morphine, Lorazepam, Compazine, Octreotide 0.3mg/day (papers), Levsin
* Malignant Bowel Obstruction Guide, bowel obstruction, edema, ascites, constipation: total parenteral nutrition TPN, gastrostomy, octreotide
* Fraser Health Hospice Palliative Care Symptom Guidelines for Nausea and Vomiting, dopamine D2, (Prochlorperazine [Compazine]) , 5-HT3 Ondansetron, Zophran, Hyoscyamine (Levsin)
Doctor, Does This Mean I'm Going to Starve to Death?
Modest benefit of total parenteral nutrition and chemotherapy after venting gastrostomy tube placement
Palliative care in patients with ovarian cancer and bowel obstruction
Parenteral Nutrition in Malignant Bowel Obstruction: An Ethical Dilemma in Palliative Care
Gastrointestinal Complications
Palliative surgery for intestinal obstruction due to recurrent ovarian cancer
How Do You Triage Abdominal Pain in a Patient With Ovarian Cancer? small bowel obstruction SBO
Death Signs
** Bedside clinical signs associated with impending death in patients with advanced cancer: Preliminary findings of a prospective, longitudinal cohort study nonreactive pupils, a decreased response to verbal stimuli, a decreased response to visual stimuli, an inability to close eyelids, drooping of the nasolabial fold, hyperextension of the neck, grunting of vocal cords, and upper gastrointestinal bleeding
*台灣文化中末期癌症病人臨終症狀之探討 Clinical signs and symptoms on end-of-life for terminally ill cancer patients in Taiwanese culture, 臨終症狀發生率由高至低依序為：發紺冰冷（98.3%），至死亡日平均3.4天；鏡面舌（93.4%），至死亡日平均8.5天；耳垂縮（93.4%），至死亡日平均5.6天；陳氏呼吸（91.7%），至死亡日平均0.53天；煩躁不安（78.5%），至死亡日平均7.7天；死前嘎嘎聲（Death rattle）（65.2%），至死亡日平均0.89天；陰莖（囊）縮（54.4％），至死亡日平均10.1天；末期躁動（37.1%），至死亡日平均9.9天；鞏膜水腫（33.1%），至死亡日平均10.1天；譫妄（28.9%），至死亡日平均9.4天；夢到過世親人（11.5%），至死亡日平均11.4天。
*Predicting Active Dying The median time until death following the death rattle was 57 (+ or - 23, SD) hours, 7.6 (2.5) hours following respiration with mandibular movement, 5.1 (1.0) hours following cyanosis, and 2.6 (1.0) hour following lack of radial pulse.
