理直氣壯

成語，俗諺語 Chinese idioms

得理不饒人, 法利賽人, 正義魔人, 鍵盤法官, 咄咄逼人, 理直氣壯, 偽善, 咄咄逼人, 振振有詞, 替天行道, 

斷章取義，穿鑿附會，牽強附會，望文生義，顧名思義，隻字片語 

stingy 吝嗇 守財奴 小氣鬼 鐵公雞 摳門 精打細算 斤斤計較 一毛不拔 自私自利 占人便宜 貪小便宜 凡事節儉 省錢 

pretentious 自命不凡 

分道揚鑣，形同陌路 

彷徨 猶豫 遲疑 躊躇 hesitate 

困惑 puzzled 迷茫 confused 迷惘 perplexed 

孤獨 不知所措 

帝王本無根，將相本無種。好漢不提當年勇，英雄莫問出身低 

COVID-19 Contract Tracing Apps

Wego Countries Without Quarantine

CDC variant proportions new variants 
CDD covid data tracker: new hospital admissions

Covid19 How Test to Treat Works for Individuals and Families

Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid), People with Certain Medical Conditions

Center for Health Security covid-19 Testing Toolkit Types of COVID-19 tests: Antigen and Molecular Tests

NAT Nucleic acid test (nucleic acid amplification tests NAAT): RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) (real-time quantitative rRT-qPCR), RT-LAMP (Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification), CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)

Layoffs Strike Thermo Fisher as COVID-19 Testing Demand Wanes
Rapid PCR-quality: Behind the high-tech COVID-19 tests you probably haven’t heard about: Cue Health, Lucira Pfizer 

COVID-19 rapid antigen test (Rapid antigen test) (lateral flow test)

FDA In Vitro Diagnostics EUAs - Molecular Diagnostic Tests for SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19 Point-of-Care Testing. Pharmacist’s Letter/Prescriber’s Letter

National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) NIH RADx Tech and ATP programs (RADx Tech 2 Program FAQ)

Point of Care Technology Research Network (POCTRN), RADx, RADx Tech II at-home testings

衛生福利部食品藥物管理署 > 業務專區 > 醫療器材 > COVID-19 防疫醫材專區

Sensitivity and specificity

Sensitivity and Specificity or Positive and Negative Percent Agreement? non-reference standard 

Statistical Guidance on Reporting Results from Studies Evaluating Diagnostic Tests - Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff PPA, NPA, Positive and negative predictive values (PPV NPV value), Agreement changes depending on the prevalence

		Non-Reference Standard		Total
New Test A	+	+	−
		40	1	41
	−	19	512	531
Total		59	513	572

positive percent agreement (new / non ref. std.) = 100% x 40/59 = 67.8%

negative percent agreement (new / non ref. std.) = 100% x 512/513 = 99.8%

overall percent agreement = 100% x (40+512)/572 = 96.5%

CDC: Requirement for Proof of Negative COVID-19 Test or Recovery from COVID-19 for All Air Passengers Arriving in the United States Examples of available NAATs for SARS-CoV-2 include but are not restricted to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), nicking enzyme amplification reaction (NEAR), and helicase-dependent amplification (HDA)
- The testing procedure must include a telehealth service affiliated with the manufacturer of the test that provides real-time supervision remotely through an audio and video connection.  
Abbott BinaxNow with remote supervision
Ellume with video observation

*Citizen SafeTrace, SafePass App

Alabama GuideSafe

*North Dakota Care19 Alert Diary by ProudCrowd

*Utah Healthy Together COVID-19 +GPS, Cellular

*Virginia COVIDWISE by SprintML

Washington CommonCircle

*Wyoming Care19 Alert Diary by ProudCrowd

Australia COVIDSafe

Singapore TraceTogether

Apple Privacy-Preserving Contact Tracing

Google Exposure Notifications Android Bluetooth 

Virginia North Dakota Wyoming Alabama Washington Pennsylvania

Variation in False-Negative Rate of Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based SARS-CoV-2 Tests by Time Since Exposure day 5 symptom, day 8-9 testing